PAKET UMROH BULAN FEBRUARI MARET APRIL MEI 2017

WANITA HAMIL DIHABISI SUAMI

saco-indonesia.com, Motif pembunuhan wanita hamil ternyata karena telah dibakar oleh api cemburu. Pelakunya seperti diduga semula adalah suami korban yang dibantu oleh dua temannya. Selain telah meghabisi Desi, ketiga pelaku tersebut juga melukai Fatonah.

Diberitakan sebelumnya, peristiwa itu telah terjadi di rumah orangtua korban Kampung Rawa Bebek RT 10/11. Kelurahan Kota Baru, Bekasi Barat, Minggu(26/1) malam lalu.

Desi Hayatun Nupus yang berusia 20 tahun , tewas dengan luka tusuk muka leher dan kepala, sedangkan ibunya yang sempat melerai keributan itu ( Ny Fatoyah,45,) telah terkena sabetan senjata tajam di punggungnya, Jasad ibu muda dikirim ke RS Polri Kramatjati, sedangkan Ny Fatoyah telah dilarikan ke RS Ananda.

Tersangka Erik yang berusia 30 tahun , kabur dengan menggunakan mobil Daihatsu Sirion warna silver bersama dua temannya. Petugas Polsek Bekasi Barat juga masih terus mencari pelaku.

Menurut Ny Fatoyah menantunya itu cemburu kepada Desi dan selalu mengungkit-ungkit dengan mengatakan kalau sudah janda punya satu anak dan sama orang yang belum tahu identitasnya.

Bahkan sang suami juga kerap meganiaya Desi saat mereka tinggal di apartemen di bilangan Pulogadung, Jakarta Timur.

Tak tahan akan dengan penganiayaan dan kecemburuan suami, akhirnya Desi telah memutuskan untuk pulang ke rumah ibunya Ny Fatoyah di bilangan Rawa Bebek. Di sana Desi juga sempat bekerja di sebuah kafe.

Namun Minggu malam, naas telah menimpa janda yang sedang mengandung ini. Erik bersama dua temannya datang ke rumah Ny Fatoyah. Mereka telah menghabisi nyawa sang istri dengan menggunakan senjata tajam, sementara Ny Fatoyah yang berniat untuk melerai malah kena sabetan senjata tajam .

Sementara Delita,2, anak Ny Desi dari suami pertama hanya bisa menangis.Warga yang telah mendengar teriakan minta tolong tak sanggup untuk menangkap pelaku yang kabur pakai mobil dan mengayun-ayunkan senjata tajam.

Kapolsek Bekasi Barat Kompol Jasalmon Sihombing juga mengatakan pelaku 3 orang dan pihaknya juga masih melakukan pengejaran. Jasad Ny Desi setelah diotopsi di RS Polri dikebumikan di pemakaman Kampung Rawa Bebek

Editor : Dian Sukmawati

Dugaan Penembak Tito Kei adalah Pembunuh Bayaran

JAKARTA, Saco-Indonesia.com — Siapa orang yang menembak Tito Refra Kei, adik John Kei, hingga tewas masih belum diketahui. Namun, diduga pelaku adalah pembunuh bayaran.

"Kita duga ini aksi dilakukan oleh pembunuh bayaran. Untuk mendeteksi aksi pembunuh bayaran itu sulit karena sifatnya individu," kata Presidium Indonesia Police Watch Neta S Pane, saat dihubungi Kompas.com, Senin (3/6/2013).

Menurut Neta, dugaan itu dapat dilihat dari keterampilan pelaku dalam melakukan eksekusinya. Pertama, pelaku dapat melakukan aksinya bahkan pada saat situasi ramai. Padahal, kata Neta, ada orang-orang Tito Kei yang juga berada di lokasi kejadian. Kedua, lanjut Neta, pelaku melakukan penembakan dengan tepat sasaran, meski menggunakan helm dan kondisi saat itu sudah malam.

"Ketiga, kita duga pelaku sudah profesional, sudah melakukan survei dengan datang dari mana, posisi tembak di mana, dan dia harus lari ke mana," ujar Neta.

Selain itu, Neta mengatakan, kemungkinan pelaku sudah memiliki senjata api bukan rakitan sudah cukup lama. "Memang banyak beredar senjata api rakitan. Tapi dalam kasus Tito tidak ada kaitannya karena tentu senjata yang digunakan bukan rakitan, tetapi senjata sudah dimiliki cukup lama sehingga tepat sasaran. Senjata rakitan yang ilegal itu biasa dilakukan pada aksi pencurian seperti di minimarket," ujarnya.

Belajar dari kasus kematian Tito Kei, sambungnya, sudah saatnya jajaran kepolisian di Polda Metro Jaya melakukan deteksi dini terhadap pelaku teror bersenjata itu. Hal ini, kata dia, untuk mencegah potensi kejadian lain yang bisa muncul dari kasus tersebut.

"Polres atau polsek bisa melakukan patroli untuk antisipasi jangan sampai ada aksi penembakan seperti itu," katanya.

Sebelumnya, pelaku tak dikenal dengan memakai helm dan mengenakan jaket mendekati Tito dan rekannya yang tengah bermain kartu di lokasi kejadian. Pelaku kemudian menembak Tito beserta pemilik warung hingga kedua korban tewas. Dalam kejadian itu pelaku melepaskan tembakan dua kali kepada korban.

Setelah melakukan aksinya, pelaku kemudian melarikan diri. Sementara itu, di lokasi kejadian, polisi menemukan satu proyektil peluru dan satu selongsong.

TIPS - PEMAKAIAN AC HEMAT LISTRIK

Kecenderungan penghematan energi tidak sekadar lantaran isu global warming. Lebih dari itu, penghematan energi pun juga benar-benar terhubung lewat mengoreksi perilaku, dengan begitu anda juga dapat lebih bisa menjadi satu bersama alam. Sektor rumah tangga memakan kurang lebih 10,3 persen dari keseluruhan energi di tanah air. Pemanfaatan energi terbanyak berpangkal dari pemakaian sparepart ac yang salah, ac serta kulkas. Maka apabila berniat untuk mengawali penghematan listrik, cermati sparepart ac kebutuhan kedua peranti itu, baru dari sana anda dapat merintis

pengiritan listrik.

Seberapa banyak penghematan yang dapat anda kerjakan lewat untuk mengganti konsumsi peranti listrik di tempat tinggal anda? Lihat sejumlah metode mengirit energi di rumah layaknya yang dijelaskan tim Energy Efficiency and Conservation Clearing House Indonesia (EECHI) selanjutnya ini :

1. Pendingin Ruang (AC) juga mampu untuk menghemat 130 ribu setiap bulan
Apabila Anda hendak berhemat, gantilah budaya Anda memakai AC di bawah 24 derajat C. Kecuali tubuh lebih bugar, temperatur ideal 24 -25 derajat C pun juga dapat berpeluang mengirit listrik sampai 130 ribu setiap bulan. Tiap-tiap mengurangi temperatur 1 derajat C untuk AC, untuk itu konsumsi listrik naik 6 persen. Anda pun juga dapat membersihkan dengan rutin filter, kondensor,  juga koil AC. AC kotor merupakan inefisiensi energi. Kecuali itu, Anda hendaknya menutup akses udara keluar semacam  jendela, pintu,juga bukaan lain supaya udara dingin tidak terbiar percuma.

2. Pemakaian Lampu mampu menghemat 55 ribu setiap bulan
Gantilah setiap lampu pijar menggunakan Compact Fluorescent Light (lampu hemat energi). CFL juga mampu mengirit lebih dari 50 persen biaya listrik. Kecuali itu, Anda juga dapat mematikan lampu bilamana tak dipakai. Pemeliharaan lampu (membersihkannya dari debu) pun dapat meniadakan kans penurunan daya penerangan sampai 5 persen. Guna mengirit listrik, hendaknya matikan setiap alat elektronik kala tak dipakai. Cabutlah kabel listrik dari stop kontak. Energi tetap terbiar percuma ketika kabel terus pada kondisi stand by. Penghematan paling banyak dapat ditempuh lewat menukar komputer desktop menggunakan laptop. Pengiritannya sampai-sampai menembus lima kali ketimbang komputer desktop.

3. Kulkas mampu menghemat hingga 10 ribu setiap bulan
Aturlah temperatur ideal kulkas di 2 hingga 4 derajat C. Sementara pada freezer, temperatur boleh diatur di 17 – 15 derajat C. Lebih baik Anda pun menukar kulkas yang telah lebih dari 10 thn.. Hal tersebut juga dapat memangkas biaya listrik sampai 75 persen. Sebagai pengiritan optimal, Anda dapat juga memangkas frekuensi membuka pintu kulkas lantaran 7 persen energi terbuang percuma ketika pintu terbuka kelewat kerap juga kelewat lama.

Penghematan semestinya ditempuh atas kesadaran, tidak keterpaksaan. So, pengiritan tidak mesti menurunkan kenyamanan bekerja, namun malahan dapat menambah produktivitas serta derajat kesehatan. Nah, bila mengikuti pengiritan layaknya di atas, pengiritan pemakaian listrik Anda dapat menembus sampai 2,8 juta setiap tahun! Sangat banyak yang bisa dihemat.

LIMA HIKMAH WAJIBNYA HAJI

Setiap ibadah yang disyariatkan oleh Allah SWT mengandung hikmah tersendiri. Allah tidak pernah sekalipun memerintahkan manusia melakukan suatu perbuatan yang tak bermakna atau tidak mengandung hikmah. Hikmah yang bisa kita petik dari pelaksanaan ibadah haji antara lain:

1. Menyaksikan secara langsung Masjidil Haram, Ka’bah, tempat turunnya Alquran, serta tempat-tempat bersejarah dalam kehidupan Rasulullah SAW dan penyebaran Islam. Umat Islam yang mengunjungi tempat-tempat tersebut diharapkan dapat menghayati nilai-nilai keimanan, ketakwaan, keikhlasan, kepahlawanan, dan pengorbanan Rasulullah SAW dan para sahabat dalam menyebarkan agama Islam.

2. Ketika memasuki Makkah dan melihat Ka’bah umat Islam diajak untuk mengingat nilai-nilai ketakwaan Nabi Ibrahim AS beserta keluarganya. Seberat apa pun perintah Allah SWT, bahkan meninggalkan istri di padang tandus dan menyembelih seorang anak sekalipun, tetap dilaksanakan dengan baik oleh Ibrahim.

3. Ketika memakai pakaian ihram yang berwarna putih polos tanpa jahitan dan pernak-pernik umat manusia dari segala penjuru seakan-akan diingatkan bahwa mereka adalah umat yang satu. Mereka tidak dibedakan berdasarkan kelas sosial, ras, etnis, bahasa, atau kebudayaan.

Mereka semua sama di mata Allah SWT. Satu-satunya yang membedakan hanyalah ketakwaan masing-masing. Dalam ibadah haji, terpapar persamaan atas nama agama, yaitu Islam (al-musawah al-lslamiyah).

Mereka berkumpul di tempat yang sama dan dengan penampilan yang sama. Semuanya tunduk, merendah dan takut kepada Allah.

4. Haji adalah ibadah yang menyempurnakan kehidupan spiritual umat Islam. Setelah shalat, puasa, dan zakat ditunaikan maka ibadah haji adalah penyempurnanya. Umat Islam dari penjuru dunia berkumpul ditempatyang sama dan pada waktu yang sama.

Mereka membawa rasa cinta yang sama, yaitu cinta kepada Allah dan Rasul-Nya. Sekalipun aliran teologi dan madzhab fikih mereka berbeda, namun masing-masing digerakkan oleh satu alasan yang sama, yaitu kepatuhan kepada Allah SWT dan kecintaan kepada Rasulullah SAW.

5. Haji adalah pertemuan akbar yang dihadiri oleh umat Islam dari segala penjuru dunia. Dengan demikian, haji memberikan kesempatan yang sangat besar bagi umat Islam untuk menggalang persatuan di antara sesamanya, menyatukan tekad dan semangat, dan bersama-sama memikirkan persoalan yang mendera umat Islam.

Pada musim haji, setiap orang bahkan dapat membangun komunikasi atau relasi dengan orang lain baik untuk kepentingan duniawi maupun ukhrawi. Hal ini tidak lain merupakan realisasi doa Nabi Ibrahim AS, “Wahai Tuhan kami,sesungguhnya aku telah menempatkan sebagian keturunanku di lembah yang tidak mempunyai tanam-tanaman di dekat rumah-Mu (Baitullah) yang dihormati. Wahai Tuhan kami (yang demikian itu) agar mereka mendirikan shalat, maka jadikanlah hati sebagian manusia cenderung kepada mereka dan berilah mereka rezeki dari buah-buahan, mudah-mudahan mereka bersyukur.”(QS. Ibrahim ayat 37).

Massa yang begitu besar itu bergerak dan berputar mengelilingi Ka’bah. Mereka adalah orang-orang yang terpanggil untuk berkunjung dan bertamu ke rumah Allah (Baitullah) itu. Karena mereka adalah tamu Allah, maka Allah akan menyuguhkan ‘jamuan’ yang tak terbilang nikmatnya bagi mereka. ‘Jamuan’ itu adalah kasih sayang dan ampunan Allah yang tak terbatas.

Sumber : http://www.jurnalhaji.com

Baca Artikel Lainnya : CARA NABI MUHAMMAD SAW MELAKSANAKAN MANASIK HAJI

HELM KESELAMATAN KERJA

saco-indonesia.com
    
Alat Keselamatan Kerja (Helm)

Salah satu alat keselamatan kerja adalah helm. helm adalah alat yang sering dipakai dikepala sebagai pelindung yang biasanya telah terbuat dari kevlar, serat resin, fiberglass, molded plastic. Bekerja juga sangat mungkin telah terjadi kecelakan seperti terjatuhnya benda keras kearah kepala. Untuk itu seorang pekerja harus memerlukan helm untuk dapat melindungi kepala, karena suatu kecelakaan dapat terjadi kapan saja, tanpa dapat diketahui sebelumnya. dengan menggunakkan helm kepala akan terlindungi dengan harapan terhindar dari luka karena kecelakaan.
Lapisan Helm
1. Lapisan luar yang keras (hard outer shell)

Didesain untuk dapat pecah jika mengalami benturan untuk dapat mengurangi dampak tekanan sebelum sampai ke kepala. Lapisan ini biasanya telah terbuat dari bahan polycarbonate

 
2. Lapisan dalam yang tebal (inside shell or liner)

Di sebelah dalam dari lapisan luar adalah lapisan yang sama pentingnya untuk dampak pelapis–penyangga. Biasanya telah dibuat dari bahan polystyrene (styrofoam). Lapisan tebal ini telah memberikan bantalan yang berfungsi untuk menahan goncangan sewaktu helm terbentur benda keras sementara kepala masih bergerak

Sewaktu ada tabrakan yang telah membenturkan bagian kepala dengan benda keras, lapisan keras luar dan lapisan dalam helm telah meyebarkan tekanan keseluruh materi helm. Helm tersebut dapat mencegah adanya benturan yang dapat mematahkan tengkorak.

 
3. Lapisan dalam yang lunak (comfort padding)

Merupakan bagian dalam yang telah terdiri dari bahan lunak dan kain untuk dapat menempatkan kepala secara pas dan tepat pada rongga helm.
Tali Pengikat

Bagian penting lainnya dalam helm ada tali pengikat helm. Helm tidak akan berfungsi dengan baik kalau tidak dilengkapi atau tidak mengikatkan tali pengikatnya.
    

Editor : Dian Sukmawati

Ruth Rendell, Novelist Who Thrilled and Educated, Dies at 85

Ms. Rendell was a prolific writer of intricately plotted mystery novels that combined psychological insight, social conscience and teeth-chattering terror.

Dean Skelos, Albany Senate Leader, Aided Son at All Costs, U.S. Says

Over the last five years or so, it seemed there was little that Dean G. Skelos, the majority leader of the New York Senate, would not do for his son.

He pressed a powerful real estate executive to provide commissions to his son, a 32-year-old title insurance salesman, according to a federal criminal complaint. He helped get him a job at an environmental company and employed his influence to help the company get government work. He used his office to push natural gas drilling regulations that would have increased his son’s commissions.

He even tried to direct part of a $5.4 billion state budget windfall to fund government contracts that the company was seeking. And when the company was close to securing a storm-water contract from Nassau County, the senator, through an intermediary, pressured the company to pay his son more — or risk having the senator subvert the bid.

The criminal complaint, unsealed on Monday, lays out corruption charges against Senator Skelos and his son, Adam B. Skelos, the latest scandal to seize Albany, and potentially alter its power structure.

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The repeated and diverse efforts by Senator Skelos, a Long Island Republican, to use what prosecutors said was his political influence to find work, or at least income, for his son could send both men to federal prison. If they are convicted of all six charges against them, they face up to 20 years in prison for each of four of the six counts and up to 10 years for the remaining two.

Senator Kenneth P. LaValle, of Long Island, who serves as chairman of the Republican conference, emerged from a closed-door meeting Monday night to say that conference members agreed that Mr. Skelos should be benefited the “presumption of innocence,” and would stay in his leadership role.

“The leader has indicated he would like to remain as leader,” said Mr. LaValle, “and he has the support of the conference.” The case against Mr. Skelos and his son grew out of a broader inquiry into political corruption by the United States attorney for the Southern District of New York, Preet Bharara, that has already changed the face of the state capital. It is based in part, according to the six-count complaint, on conversations secretly recorded by one of two cooperating witnesses, and wiretaps on the cellphones of the senator and his son. Those recordings revealed that both men were concerned about electronic surveillance, and illustrated the son’s unsuccessful efforts to thwart it.

Adam Skelos took to using a “burner” phone, the complaint says, and told his father he wanted them to speak through a FaceTime video call in an apparent effort to avoid detection. They also used coded language at times.

At one point, Adam Skelos was recorded telling a Senate staff member of his frustration in not being able to speak openly to his father on the phone, noting that he could not “just send smoke signals or a little pigeon” carrying a message.

The 43-page complaint, sworn out by Paul M. Takla, a special agent for the Federal Bureau of Investigation, outlines a five-year scheme to “monetize” the senator’s official position; it also lays bare the extent to which a father sought to use his position to help his son.

The charges accuse the two men of extorting payments through a real estate developer, Glenwood Management, based on Long Island, and the environmental company, AbTech Industries, in Scottsdale, Ariz., with the expectation that the money paid to Adam Skelos — nearly $220,000 in total — would influence his father’s actions.

Glenwood, one of the state’s most prolific campaign donors, had ties to AbTech through investments in the environmental firm’s parent company by Glenwood’s founding family and a senior executive.

The accusations in the complaint portray Senator Skelos as a man who, when it came to his son, was not shy about twisting arms, even in situations that might give other arm-twisters pause.

Seeking to help his son, Senator Skelos turned to the executive at Glenwood, which develops rental apartments in New York City and has much at stake when it comes to real estate legislation in Albany. The senator urged him to direct business to his son, who sold title insurance.

After much prodding, the executive, Charles C. Dorego, engineered a $20,000 payment to Adam Skelos from a title insurance company even though he did no work for the money. But far more lucrative was a consultant position that Mr. Dorego arranged for Adam Skelos at AbTech, which seeks government contracts to treat storm water. (Mr. Dorego is not identified by name in the complaint, but referred to only as CW-1, for Cooperating Witness 1.)

Senator Skelos appeared to take an active interest in his son’s new line of work. Adam Skelos sent him several drafts of his consulting agreement with AbTech, the complaint says, as well as the final deal that was struck.

“Mazel tov,” his father replied.

Senator Skelos sent relevant news articles to his son, including one about a sewage leak near Albany. When AbTech wanted to seek government contracts after Hurricane Sandy, the senator got on a conference call with his son and an AbTech executive, Bjornulf White, and offered advice. (Like Mr. Dorego, Mr. White is not named in the complaint, but referred to as CW-2.)

The assistance paid off: With the senator’s help, AbTech secured a contract worth up to $12 million from Nassau County, a big break for a struggling small business.

But the money was slow to materialize. The senator expressed impatience with county officials.

Adam Skelos, in a phone call with Mr. White in late December, suggested that his father would seek to punish the county. “I tell you this, the state is not going to do a [expletive] thing for the county,” he said.

Three days later, Senator Skelos pressed his case with the Nassau County executive, Edward P. Mangano, a fellow Republican. “Somebody feels like they’re just getting jerked around the last two years,” the senator said, referring to his son in what the complaint described as “coded language.”

The next day, the senator pursued the matter, as he and Mr. Mangano attended a wake for a slain New York City police officer. Senator Skelos then reassured his son, who called him while he was still at the wake. “All claims that are in will be taken care of,” the senator said.

AbTech’s fortunes appeared to weigh on his son. At one point in January, Adam Skelos told his father that if the company did not succeed, he would “lose the ability to pay for things.”

Making matters worse, in recent months, Senator Skelos and his son appeared to grow wary about who was watching them. In addition to making calls on the burner phone, Adam Skelos said he used the FaceTime video calling “because that doesn’t show up on the phone bill,” as he told Mr. White.

In late February, Adam Skelos arranged a pair of meetings between Mr. White and state senators; AbTech needed to win state legislation that would allow its contract to move beyond its initial stages. But Senator Skelos deemed the plan too risky and caused one of the meetings to be canceled.

In another recorded call, Adam Skelos, promising to be “very, very vague” on the phone, urged his father to allow the meeting. The senator offered a warning. “Right now we are in dangerous times, Adam,” he told him.

A month later, in another phone call that was recorded by the authorities, Adam Skelos complained that his father could not give him “real advice” about AbTech while the two men were speaking over the telephone.

“You can’t talk normally,” he told his father, “because it’s like [expletive] Preet Bharara is listening to every [expletive] phone call. It’s just [expletive] frustrating.”

“It is,” his father agreed.

Betsy von Furstenberg, Baroness and Versatile Actress, Dies at 83

Ms. von Furstenberg made her debut in the movies and on the Broadway stage in the early 1950s as a teenager and later reinvented herself as a television actress, writer and philanthropist.

Review: ‘Frontline’ Looks at Missteps During the Ebola Outbreak

y NEIL GENZLINGER

Frontline

Frontline An installment of this PBS program looks at the effects of Ebola on Liberia and other countries, as well as the origins of the outbreak.

The program traces the outbreak to its origin, thought to be a tree full of bats in Guinea.

ay 4, 2015 ‘Game of Thrones’ Q&A: Keisha Castle-Hughes on the Tao of the Sand Snakes

“It was really nice to play with other women and not have this underlying tone of being at each other’s throats.”

Native American Actors Work to Overcome a Long-Documented Bias

Late in April, after Native American actors walked off in disgust from the set of Adam Sandler’s latest film, a western sendup that its distributor, Netflix, has defended as being equally offensive to all, a glow of pride spread through several Native American communities.

Tantoo Cardinal, a Canadian indigenous actress who played Black Shawl in “Dances With Wolves,” recalled thinking to herself, “It’s come.” Larry Sellers, who starred as Cloud Dancing in the 1990s television show “Dr. Quinn, Medicine Woman,” thought, “It’s about time.” Jesse Wente, who is Ojibwe and directs film programming at the TIFF Bell Lightbox in Toronto, found himself encouraged and surprised. There are so few film roles for indigenous actors, he said, that walking off the set of a major production showed real mettle.

But what didn’t surprise Mr. Wente was the content of the script. According to the actors who walked off the set, the film, titled “The Ridiculous Six,” included a Native American woman who passes out and is revived after white men douse her with alcohol, and another woman squatting to urinate while lighting a peace pipe. “There’s enough history at this point to have set some expectations around these sort of Hollywood depictions,” Mr. Wente said.

The walkout prompted a rhetorical “What do you expect from an Adam Sandler film?,” and a Netflix spokesman said that in the movie, blacks, Mexicans and whites were lampooned as well. But Native American actors and critics said a broader issue was at stake. While mainstream portrayals of native peoples have, Mr. Wente said, become “incrementally better” over the decades, he and others say, they remain far from accurate and reflect a lack of opportunities for Native American performers. What’s more, as Native Americans hunger for representation on screen, critics say the absence of three-dimensional portrayals has very real off-screen consequences.

“Our people are still healing from historical trauma,” said Loren Anthony, one of the actors who walked out. “Our youth are still trying to figure out who they are, where they fit in this society. Kids are killing themselves. They’re not proud of who they are.” They also don’t, he added, see themselves on prime time television or the big screen. Netflix noted while about five people walked off the “The Ridiculous Six” set, 100 or so Native American actors and extras stayed.

But in interviews, nearly a dozen Native American actors and film industry experts said that Mr. Sandler’s humor perpetuated decades-old negative stereotypes. Mr. Anthony said such depictions helped feed the despondency many Native Americans feel, with deadly results: Native Americans have the highest suicide rate out of all the country’s ethnicities.

The on-screen problem is twofold, Mr. Anthony and others said: There’s a paucity of roles for Native Americans — according to the Screen Actors Guild in 2008 they accounted for 0.3 percent of all on-screen parts (those figures have yet to be updated), compared to about 2 percent of the general population — and Native American actors are often perceived in a narrow way.

In his Peabody Award-winning documentary “Reel Injun,” the Cree filmmaker Neil Diamond explored Hollywood depictions of Native Americans over the years, and found they fell into a few stereotypical categories: the Noble Savage, the Drunk Indian, the Mystic, the Indian Princess, the backward tribal people futilely fighting John Wayne and manifest destiny. While the 1990 film “Dances With Wolves” won praise for depicting Native Americans as fully fleshed out human beings, not all indigenous people embraced it. It was still told, critics said, from the colonialists’ point of view. In an interview, John Trudell, a Santee Sioux writer, actor (“Thunderheart”) and the former chairman of the American Indian Movement, described the film as “a story of two white people.”

“God bless ‘Dances with Wolves,’ ” Michael Horse, who played Deputy Hawk in “Twin Peaks,” said sarcastically. “Even ‘Avatar.’ Someone’s got to come save the tribal people.”

Dan Spilo, a partner at Industry Entertainment who represents Adam Beach, one of today’s most prominent Native American actors, said while typecasting dogs many minorities, it is especially intractable when it comes to Native Americans. Casting directors, he said, rarely cast them as police officers, doctors or lawyers. “There’s the belief that the Native American character should be on reservations or riding a horse,” he said.

“We don’t see ourselves,” Mr. Horse said. “We’re still an antiquated culture to them, and to the rest of the world.”

Ms. Cardinal said she was once turned down for the role of the wife of a child-abusing cop because the filmmakers felt that casting her would somehow be “too political.”

Another sore point is the long run of white actors playing American Indians, among them Burt Lancaster, Rock Hudson, Audrey Hepburn and, more recently, Johnny Depp, whose depiction of Tonto in the 2013 film “Lone Ranger,” was viewed as racist by detractors. There are, of course, exceptions. The former A&E series “Longmire,” which, as it happens, will now be on Netflix, was roundly praised for its depiction of life on a Northern Cheyenne reservation, with Lou Diamond Phillips, who is of Cherokee descent, playing a Northern Cheyenne man.

Others also point to the success of Mr. Beach, who played a Mohawk detective in “Law & Order: Special Victims Unit” and landed a starring role in the forthcoming D C Comics picture “Suicide Squad.” Mr. Beach said he had come across insulting scripts backed by people who don’t see anything wrong with them.

“I’d rather starve than do something that is offensive to my ancestral roots,” Mr. Beach said. “But I think there will always be attempts to drawn on the weakness of native people’s struggles. The savage Indian will always be the savage Indian. The white man will always be smarter and more cunning. The cavalry will always win.”

The solution, Mr. Wente, Mr. Trudell and others said, lies in getting more stories written by and starring Native Americans. But Mr. Wente noted that while independent indigenous film has blossomed in the last two decades, mainstream depictions have yet to catch up. “You have to stop expecting for Hollywood to correct it, because there seems to be no ability or desire to correct it,” Mr. Wente said.

There have been calls to boycott Netflix but, writing for Indian Country Today Media Network, which first broke news of the walk off, the filmmaker Brian Young noted that the distributor also offered a number of films by or about Native Americans.

The furor around “The Ridiculous Six” may drive more people to see it. Then one of the questions that Mr. Trudell, echoing others, had about the film will be answered: “Who the hell laughs at this stuff?”

Cher and Marc Jacobs

Rhapsody, a Lofty Literary Journal, Perused at 39,000 Feet

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Last summer at a writers’ workshop in Oregon, the novelists Anthony Doerr, Karen Russell and Elissa Schappell were chatting over cocktails when they realized they had all published work in the same magazine. It wasn’t one of the usual literary outlets, like Tin House, The Paris Review or The New Yorker. It was Rhapsody, an in-flight magazine for United Airlines.

It seemed like a weird coincidence. Then again, considering Rhapsody’s growing roster of A-list fiction writers, maybe not. Since its first issue hit plane cabins a year and a half ago, Rhapsody has published original works by literary stars like Joyce Carol Oates, Rick Moody, Amy Bloom, Emma Straub and Mr. Doerr, who won the Pulitzer Prize for fiction two weeks ago.

As airlines try to distinguish their high-end service with luxuries like private sleeping chambers, showers, butler service and meals from five-star chefs, United Airlines is offering a loftier, more cerebral amenity to its first-class and business-class passengers: elegant prose by prominent novelists. There are no airport maps or disheartening lists of in-flight meal and entertainment options in Rhapsody. Instead, the magazine has published ruminative first-person travel accounts, cultural dispatches and probing essays about flight by more than 30 literary fiction writers.

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An airline might seem like an odd literary patron. But as publishers and writers look for new ways to reach readers in a shaky retail climate, many have formed corporate alliances with transit companies, including American Airlines, JetBlue and Amtrak, that provide a captive audience.

Mark Krolick, United Airlines’ managing director of marketing and product development, said the quality of the writing in Rhapsody brings a patina of sophistication to its first-class service, along with other opulent touches like mood lighting, soft music and a branded scent.

“The high-end leisure or business-class traveler has higher expectations, even in the entertainment we provide,” he said.

Some of Rhapsody’s contributing writers say they were lured by the promise of free airfare and luxury accommodations provided by United, as well as exposure to an elite audience of some two million first-class and business-class travelers.

“It’s not your normal Park Slope Community Bookstore types who read Rhapsody,” Mr. Moody, author of the 1994 novel “The Ice Storm,” who wrote an introspective, philosophical piece about traveling to the Aran Islands of Ireland for Rhapsody, said in an email. “I’m not sure I myself am in that Rhapsody demographic, but I would like them to buy my books one day.”

In addition to offering travel perks, the magazine pays well and gives writers freedom, within reason, to choose their subject matter and write with style. Certain genres of flight stories are off limits, naturally: no plane crashes or woeful tales of lost luggage or rude flight attendants, and nothing too risqué.

“We’re not going to have someone write about joining the mile-high club,” said Jordan Heller, the editor in chief of Rhapsody. “Despite those restrictions, we’ve managed to come up with a lot of high-minded literary content.”

Guiding writers toward the right idea occasionally requires some gentle prodding. When Rhapsody’s executive editor asked Ms. Russell to contribute an essay about a memorable flight experience, she first pitched a story about the time she was chaperoning a group of teenagers on a trip to Europe, and their delayed plane sat at the airport in New York for several hours while other passengers got progressively drunker.

“He pointed out that disaster flights are not what people want to read about when they’re in transit, and very diplomatically suggested that maybe people want to read something that casts air travel in a more positive light,” said Ms. Russell, whose novel “Swamplandia!” was a finalist for the 2012 Pulitzer Prize.

She turned in a nostalgia-tinged essay about her first flight on a trip to Disney World when she was 6. “The Magic Kingdom was an anticlimax,” she wrote. “What ride could compare to that first flight?”

Ms. Oates also wrote about her first flight, in a tiny yellow propeller plane piloted by her father. The novelist Joyce Maynard told of the constant disappointment of never seeing her books in airport bookstores and the thrill of finally spotting a fellow plane passenger reading her novel “Labor Day.” Emily St. John Mandel, who was a finalist for the National Book Award in fiction last year, wrote about agonizing over which books to bring on a long flight.

“There’s nobody that’s looked down their noses at us as an in-flight magazine,” said Sean Manning, the magazine’s executive editor. “As big as these people are in the literary world, there’s still this untapped audience for them of luxury travelers.”

United is one of a handful of companies showcasing work by literary writers as a way to elevate their brands and engage customers. Chipotle has printed original work from writers like Toni Morrison, Jeffrey Eugenides and Barbara Kingsolver on its disposable cups and paper bags. The eyeglass company Warby Parker hosts parties for authors and sells books from 14 independent publishers in its stores.

JetBlue offers around 40 e-books from HarperCollins and Penguin Random House on its free wireless network, allowing passengers to read free samples and buy and download books. JetBlue will start offering 11 digital titles from Simon & Schuster soon. Amtrak recently forged an alliance with Penguin Random House to provide free digital samples from 28 popular titles, which passengers can buy and download over Amtrak’s admittedly spotty wireless service.

Amtrak is becoming an incubator for literary talent in its own right. Last year, it started a residency program, offering writers a free long-distance train trip and complimentary food. More than 16,000 writers applied and 24 made the cut.

Like Amtrak, Rhapsody has found that writers are eager to get onboard. On a rainy spring afternoon, Rhapsody’s editorial staff sat around a conference table discussing the June issue, which will feature an essay by the novelist Hannah Pittard and an unpublished short story by the late Elmore Leonard.

“Do you have that photo of Elmore Leonard? Can I see it?” Mr. Heller, the editor in chief, asked Rhapsody’s design director, Christos Hannides. Mr. Hannides slid it across the table and noted that they also had a photograph of cowboy spurs. “It’s very simple; it won’t take away from the literature,” he said.

Rhapsody’s office, an open space with exposed pipes and a vaulted brick ceiling, sits in Dumbo at the epicenter of literary Brooklyn, in the same converted tea warehouse as the literary journal N+1 and the digital publisher Atavist. Two of the magazine’s seven staff members hold graduate degrees in creative writing. Mr. Manning, the executive editor, has published a memoir and edited five literary anthologies.

Mr. Manning said Rhapsody was conceived from the start as a place for literary novelists to write with voice and style, and nobody had been put off that their work would live in plane cabins and airport lounges.

Still, some contributors say they wish the magazine were more widely circulated.

“I would love it if I could read it,” said Ms. Schappell, a Brooklyn-based novelist who wrote a feature story for Rhapsody’s inaugural issue. “But I never fly first class.”

G.O.P. Hopefuls Now Aiming to Woo the Middle Class

WASHINGTON — The last three men to win the Republican nomination have been the prosperous son of a president (George W. Bush), a senator who could not recall how many homes his family owned (John McCain of Arizona; it was seven) and a private equity executive worth an estimated $200 million (Mitt Romney).

The candidates hoping to be the party’s nominee in 2016 are trying to create a very different set of associations. On Sunday, Ben Carson, a retired neurosurgeon, joined the presidential field.

Senator Marco Rubio of Florida praises his parents, a bartender and a Kmart stock clerk, as he urges audiences not to forget “the workers in our hotel kitchens, the landscaping crews in our neighborhoods, the late-night janitorial staff that clean our offices.”

Gov. Scott Walker of Wisconsin, a preacher’s son, posts on Twitter about his ham-and-cheese sandwiches and boasts of his coupon-clipping frugality. His $1 Kohl’s sweater has become a campaign celebrity in its own right.

Senator Rand Paul of Kentucky laments the existence of “two Americas,” borrowing the Rev. Dr. Martin Luther King Jr.’s phrase to describe economically and racially troubled communities like Ferguson, Mo., and Detroit.

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“Some say, ‘But Democrats care more about the poor,’ ” Mr. Paul likes to say. “If that’s true, why is black unemployment still twice white unemployment? Why has household income declined by $3,500 over the past six years?”

We are in the midst of the Empathy Primary — the rhetorical battleground shaping the Republican presidential field of 2016.

Harmed by the perception that they favor the wealthy at the expense of middle-of-the-road Americans, the party’s contenders are each trying their hardest to get across what the elder George Bush once inelegantly told recession-battered voters in 1992: “Message: I care.”

Their ability to do so — less bluntly, more sincerely — could prove decisive in an election year when power, privilege and family connections will loom large for both parties.

Questions of understanding and compassion cost Republicans in the last election. Mr. Romney, who memorably dismissed the “47 percent” of Americans as freeloaders, lost to President Obama by 63 percentage points among voters who cast their ballots for the candidate who “cares about people like me,” according to exit polls.

And a Pew poll from February showed that people still believe Republicans are indifferent to working Americans: 54 percent said the Republican Party does not care about the middle class.

That taint of callousness explains why Senator Ted Cruz of Texas declared last week that Republicans “are and should be the party of the 47 percent” — and why another son of a president, Jeb Bush, has made economic opportunity the centerpiece of his message.

With his pedigree and considerable wealth — since he left the Florida governor’s office almost a decade ago he has earned millions of dollars sitting on corporate boards and advising banks — Mr. Bush probably has the most complicated task making the argument to voters that he understands their concerns.

On a visit last week to Puerto Rico, Mr. Bush sounded every bit the populist, railing against “elites” who have stifled economic growth and innovation. In the kind of economy he envisions leading, he said: “We wouldn’t have the middle being squeezed. People in poverty would have a chance to rise up. And the social strains that exist — because the haves and have-nots is the big debate in our country today — would subside.”

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Who Is Running for President (and Who’s Not)?

Republicans’ emphasis on poorer and working-class Americans now represents a shift from the party’s longstanding focus on business owners and “job creators” as the drivers of economic opportunity.

This is intentional, Republican operatives said.

In the last presidential election, Republicans rushed to defend business owners against what they saw as hostility by Democrats to successful, wealthy entrepreneurs.

“Part of what you had was a reaction to the Democrats’ dehumanization of business owners: ‘Oh, you think you started your plumbing company? No you didn’t,’ ” said Grover Norquist, the conservative activist and president of Americans for Tax Reform.

But now, Mr. Norquist said, Republicans should move past that. “Focus on the people in the room who know someone who couldn’t get a job, or a promotion, or a raise because taxes are too high or regulations eat up companies’ time,” he said. “The rich guy can take care of himself.”

Democrats argue that the public will ultimately see through such an approach because Republican positions like opposing a minimum-wage increase and giving private banks a larger role in student loans would hurt working Americans.

“If Republican candidates are just repeating the same tired policies, I’m not sure that smiling while saying it is going to be enough,” said Guy Cecil, a Democratic strategist who is joining a “super PAC” working on behalf of Hillary Rodham Clinton.

Republicans have already attacked Mrs. Clinton over the wealth and power she and her husband have accumulated, caricaturing her as an out-of-touch multimillionaire who earns hundreds of thousands of dollars per speech and has not driven a car since 1996.

Mr. Walker hit this theme recently on Fox News, pointing to Mrs. Clinton’s lucrative book deals and her multiple residences. “This is not someone who is connected with everyday Americans,” he said. His own net worth, according to The Milwaukee Journal Sentinel, is less than a half-million dollars; Mr. Walker also owes tens of thousands of dollars on his credit cards.

But showing off a cheap sweater or boasting of a bootstraps family background not only helps draw a contrast with Mrs. Clinton’s latter-day affluence, it is also an implicit argument against Mr. Bush.

Mr. Walker, who featured a 1998 Saturn with more than 100,000 miles on the odometer in a 2010 campaign ad during his first run for governor, likes to talk about flipping burgers at McDonald’s as a young person. His mother, he has said, grew up on a farm with no indoor plumbing until she was in high school.

Mr. Rubio, among the least wealthy members of the Senate, with an estimated net worth of around a half-million dollars, uses his working-class upbringing as evidence of the “exceptionalism” of America, “where even the son of a bartender and a maid can have the same dreams and the same future as those who come from power and privilege.”

Mr. Cruz alludes to his family’s dysfunction — his parents, he says, were heavy drinkers — and recounts his father’s tale of fleeing Cuba with $100 sewn into his underwear.

Gov. Chris Christie of New Jersey notes that his father paid his way through college working nights at an ice cream plant.

But sometimes the attempts at projecting authenticity can seem forced. Mr. Christie recently found himself on the defensive after telling a New Hampshire audience, “I don’t consider myself a wealthy man.” Tax returns showed that he and his wife, a longtime Wall Street executive, earned nearly $700,000 in 2013.

The story of success against the odds is a political classic, even if it is one the Republican Party has not been able to tell for a long time. Ronald Reagan liked to say that while he had not been born on the wrong side of the tracks, he could always hear the whistle. Richard Nixon was fond of reminding voters how he was born in a house his father had built.

“Probably the idea that is most attractive to an average voter, and an idea that both Republicans and Democrats try to craft into their messages, is this idea that you can rise from nothing,” said Charles C. W. Cooke, a writer for National Review.

There is a certain delight Republicans take in turning that message to their advantage now.

“That’s what Obama did with Hillary,” Mr. Cooke said. “He acknowledged it openly: ‘This is ridiculous. Look at me, this one-term senator with dark skin and all of America’s unsolved racial problems, running against the wife of the last Democratic president.”

Obama Finds a Bolder Voice on Race Issues

As he reflected on the festering wounds deepened by race and grievance that have been on painful display in America’s cities lately, President Obama on Monday found himself thinking about a young man he had just met named Malachi.

A few minutes before, in a closed-door round-table discussion at Lehman College in the Bronx, Mr. Obama had asked a group of black and Hispanic students from disadvantaged backgrounds what could be done to help them reach their goals. Several talked about counseling and guidance programs.

“Malachi, he just talked about — we should talk about love,” Mr. Obama told a crowd afterward, drifting away from his prepared remarks. “Because Malachi and I shared the fact that our dad wasn’t around and that sometimes we wondered why he wasn’t around and what had happened. But really, that’s what this comes down to is: Do we love these kids?”

Many presidents have governed during times of racial tension, but Mr. Obama is the first to see in the mirror a face that looks like those on the other side of history’s ledger. While his first term was consumed with the economy, war and health care, his second keeps coming back to the societal divide that was not bridged by his election. A president who eschewed focusing on race now seems to have found his voice again as he thinks about how to use his remaining time in office and beyond.

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Obama Speaks of a ‘Sense of Unfairness’

In the aftermath of racially charged unrest in places like Baltimore, Ferguson, Mo., and New York, Mr. Obama came to the Bronx on Monday for the announcement of a new nonprofit organization that is being spun off from his White House initiative called My Brother’s Keeper. Staked by more than $80 million in commitments from corporations and other donors, the new group, My Brother’s Keeper Alliance, will in effect provide the nucleus for Mr. Obama’s post-presidency, which will begin in January 2017.

“This will remain a mission for me and for Michelle not just for the rest of my presidency but for the rest of my life,” Mr. Obama said. “And the reason is simple,” he added. Referring to some of the youths he had just met, he said: “We see ourselves in these young men. I grew up without a dad. I grew up lost sometimes and adrift, not having a sense of a clear path. The only difference between me and a lot of other young men in this neighborhood and all across the country is that I grew up in an environment that was a little more forgiving.”

Organizers said the new alliance already had financial pledges from companies like American Express, Deloitte, Discovery Communications and News Corporation. The money will be used to help companies address obstacles facing young black and Hispanic men, provide grants to programs for disadvantaged youths, and help communities aid their populations.

Joe Echevarria, a former chief executive of Deloitte, the accounting and consulting firm, will lead the alliance, and among those on its leadership team or advisory group are executives at PepsiCo, News Corporation, Sprint, BET and Prudential Group Insurance; former Secretary of State Colin L. Powell; Senator Cory Booker, Democrat of New Jersey; former Attorney General Eric H. Holder Jr.; the music star John Legend; the retired athletes Alonzo Mourning, Jerome Bettis and Shaquille O’Neal; and the mayors of Indianapolis, Sacramento and Philadelphia.

The alliance, while nominally independent of the White House, may face some of the same questions confronting former Secretary of State Hillary Rodham Clinton as she begins another presidential campaign. Some of those donating to the alliance may have interests in government action, and skeptics may wonder whether they are trying to curry favor with the president by contributing.

“The Obama administration will have no role in deciding how donations are screened and what criteria they’ll set at the alliance for donor policies, because it’s an entirely separate entity,” Josh Earnest, the White House press secretary, told reporters on Air Force One en route to New York. But he added, “I’m confident that the members of the board are well aware of the president’s commitment to transparency.”

The alliance was in the works before the disturbances last week after the death of Freddie Gray, the black man who suffered fatal injuries while in police custody in Baltimore, but it reflected the evolution of Mr. Obama’s presidency. For him, in a way, it is coming back to issues that animated him as a young community organizer and politician. It was his own struggle with race and identity, captured in his youthful memoir, “Dreams From My Father,” that stood him apart from other presidential aspirants.

But that was a side of him that he kept largely to himself through the first years of his presidency while he focused on other priorities like turning the economy around, expanding government-subsidized health care and avoiding electoral land mines en route to re-election.

After securing a second term, Mr. Obama appeared more emboldened. Just a month after his 2013 inauguration, he talked passionately about opportunity and race with a group of teenage boys in Chicago, a moment aides point to as perhaps the first time he had spoken about these issues in such a personal, powerful way as president. A few months later, he publicly lamented the death of Trayvon Martin, a black Florida teenager, saying that “could have been me 35 years ago.”

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That case, along with public ruptures of anger over police shootings in Ferguson and elsewhere, have pushed the issue of race and law enforcement onto the public agenda. Aides said they imagined that with his presidency in its final stages, Mr. Obama might be thinking more about what comes next and causes he can advance as a private citizen.

That is not to say that his public discussion of these issues has been universally welcomed. Some conservatives said he had made matters worse by seeming in their view to blame police officers in some of the disputed cases.

“President Obama, when he was elected, could have been a unifying leader,” Senator Ted Cruz of Texas, a Republican candidate for president, said at a forum last week. “He has made decisions that I think have inflamed racial tensions.”

On the other side of the ideological spectrum, some liberal African-American activists have complained that Mr. Obama has not done enough to help downtrodden communities. While he is speaking out more, these critics argue, he has hardly used the power of the presidency to make the sort of radical change they say is necessary.

The line Mr. Obama has tried to straddle has been a serrated one. He condemns police brutality as he defends most officers as honorable. He condemns “criminals and thugs” who looted in Baltimore while expressing empathy with those trapped in a cycle of poverty and hopelessness.

In the Bronx on Monday, Mr. Obama bemoaned the death of Brian Moore, a plainclothes New York police officer who had died earlier in the day after being shot in the head Saturday on a Queens street. Most police officers are “good and honest and fair and care deeply about their communities,” even as they put their lives on the line, Mr. Obama said.

“Which is why in addressing the issues in Baltimore or Ferguson or New York, the point I made was that if we’re just looking at policing, we’re looking at it too narrowly,” he added. “If we ask the police to simply contain and control problems that we ourselves have been unwilling to invest and solve, that’s not fair to the communities, it’s not fair to the police.”

Moreover, if society writes off some people, he said, “that’s not the kind of country I want to live in; that’s not what America is about.”

His message to young men like Malachi Hernandez, who attends Boston Latin Academy in Massachusetts, is not to give up.

“I want you to know you matter,” he said. “You matter to us.”

William Pfaff, Critic of American Foreign Policy, Dies at 86

Mr. Pfaff was an international affairs columnist and author who found Washington’s intervention in world affairs often misguided.

Harvey R. Miller, Renowned Bankruptcy Lawyer, Dies at 82

Mr. Miller, of the firm Weil, Gotshal & Manges, represented companies including Lehman Brothers, General Motors and American Airlines, and mentored many of the top Chapter 11 practitioners today.

Ellen Turner Dies at 87; Opened Kitchen to Feed the Needy of Knoxville

Ms. Turner and her twin sister founded the Love Kitchen in 1986 in a church basement in Knoxville, Tenn., and it continues to provide clothing and meals.

Elizabeth Brown Pryor, Biographer of Clara Barton and Robert E. Lee, Dies at 64

Ms. Pryor, who served more than two decades in the State Department, was the author of well-regarded biographies of the founder of the American Red Cross and the Confederate commander.

Dan Walker, 92, Dies; Illinois Governor and Later a U.S. Prisoner

As governor, Mr. Walker alienated Republicans and his fellow Democrats, particularly the Democratic powerhouse Richard J. Daley, the mayor of Chicago.